

Relief maps are usually more visually expressive than traditional topographical maps, since they are able to depict landforms more realistically in comparison to topographical maps, which typically rely on contour lines and spot heights to depict elevation. Are relief maps and topographical maps the same? Relief maps are artistically detailed maps that represent the variation in a given area's slope, aspect, and elevation, illustrating the underlying geography of the landscape. This graphic need has led to the development of relief maps, bridging the gap between two-dimensional maps and the varied, three-dimensional terrain they represent. Cartographers have been challenged with the task of how to best represent earth’s complex landscapes in two-dimensional maps. The world we live in is seldom flat, but is usually characterized by mountain peaks, rolling hills, deep canyons, and other physical features that define the earth’s surface.
